365 lines
13 KiB
Python
365 lines
13 KiB
Python
"""Beautiful Soup
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Elixir and Tonic
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"The Screen-Scraper's Friend"
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http://www.crummy.com/software/BeautifulSoup/
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Beautiful Soup uses a pluggable XML or HTML parser to parse a
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(possibly invalid) document into a tree representation. Beautiful Soup
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provides provides methods and Pythonic idioms that make it easy to
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navigate, search, and modify the parse tree.
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Beautiful Soup works with Python 2.6 and up. It works better if lxml
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and/or html5lib is installed.
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For more than you ever wanted to know about Beautiful Soup, see the
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documentation:
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http://www.crummy.com/software/BeautifulSoup/bs4/doc/
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"""
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__author__ = "Leonard Richardson (leonardr@segfault.org)"
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__version__ = "4.2.1"
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__copyright__ = "Copyright (c) 2004-2013 Leonard Richardson"
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__license__ = "MIT"
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__all__ = ['BeautifulSoup']
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import re
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import warnings
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from .builder import builder_registry
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from .dammit import UnicodeDammit
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from .element import (
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CData,
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Comment,
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DEFAULT_OUTPUT_ENCODING,
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Declaration,
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Doctype,
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NavigableString,
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PageElement,
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ProcessingInstruction,
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ResultSet,
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SoupStrainer,
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Tag,
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)
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# The very first thing we do is give a useful error if someone is
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# running this code under Python 3 without converting it.
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syntax_error = u'You are trying to run the Python 2 version of Beautiful Soup under Python 3. This will not work. You need to convert the code, either by installing it (`python setup.py install`) or by running 2to3 (`2to3 -w bs4`).'
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class BeautifulSoup(Tag):
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"""
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This class defines the basic interface called by the tree builders.
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These methods will be called by the parser:
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reset()
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feed(markup)
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The tree builder may call these methods from its feed() implementation:
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handle_starttag(name, attrs) # See note about return value
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handle_endtag(name)
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handle_data(data) # Appends to the current data node
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endData(containerClass=NavigableString) # Ends the current data node
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No matter how complicated the underlying parser is, you should be
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able to build a tree using 'start tag' events, 'end tag' events,
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'data' events, and "done with data" events.
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If you encounter an empty-element tag (aka a self-closing tag,
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like HTML's <br> tag), call handle_starttag and then
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handle_endtag.
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"""
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ROOT_TAG_NAME = u'[document]'
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# If the end-user gives no indication which tree builder they
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# want, look for one with these features.
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DEFAULT_BUILDER_FEATURES = ['html', 'fast']
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# Used when determining whether a text node is all whitespace and
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# can be replaced with a single space. A text node that contains
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# fancy Unicode spaces (usually non-breaking) should be left
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# alone.
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STRIP_ASCII_SPACES = {9: None, 10: None, 12: None, 13: None, 32: None, }
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def __init__(self, markup="", features=None, builder=None,
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parse_only=None, from_encoding=None, **kwargs):
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"""The Soup object is initialized as the 'root tag', and the
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provided markup (which can be a string or a file-like object)
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is fed into the underlying parser."""
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if 'convertEntities' in kwargs:
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warnings.warn(
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"BS4 does not respect the convertEntities argument to the "
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"BeautifulSoup constructor. Entities are always converted "
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"to Unicode characters.")
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if 'markupMassage' in kwargs:
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del kwargs['markupMassage']
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warnings.warn(
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"BS4 does not respect the markupMassage argument to the "
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"BeautifulSoup constructor. The tree builder is responsible "
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"for any necessary markup massage.")
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if 'smartQuotesTo' in kwargs:
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del kwargs['smartQuotesTo']
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warnings.warn(
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"BS4 does not respect the smartQuotesTo argument to the "
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"BeautifulSoup constructor. Smart quotes are always converted "
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"to Unicode characters.")
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if 'selfClosingTags' in kwargs:
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del kwargs['selfClosingTags']
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warnings.warn(
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"BS4 does not respect the selfClosingTags argument to the "
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"BeautifulSoup constructor. The tree builder is responsible "
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"for understanding self-closing tags.")
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if 'isHTML' in kwargs:
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del kwargs['isHTML']
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warnings.warn(
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"BS4 does not respect the isHTML argument to the "
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"BeautifulSoup constructor. You can pass in features='html' "
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"or features='xml' to get a builder capable of handling "
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"one or the other.")
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def deprecated_argument(old_name, new_name):
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if old_name in kwargs:
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warnings.warn(
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'The "%s" argument to the BeautifulSoup constructor '
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'has been renamed to "%s."' % (old_name, new_name))
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value = kwargs[old_name]
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del kwargs[old_name]
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return value
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return None
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parse_only = parse_only or deprecated_argument(
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"parseOnlyThese", "parse_only")
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from_encoding = from_encoding or deprecated_argument(
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"fromEncoding", "from_encoding")
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if len(kwargs) > 0:
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arg = kwargs.keys().pop()
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raise TypeError(
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"__init__() got an unexpected keyword argument '%s'" % arg)
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if builder is None:
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if isinstance(features, basestring):
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features = [features]
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if features is None or len(features) == 0:
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features = self.DEFAULT_BUILDER_FEATURES
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builder_class = builder_registry.lookup(*features)
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if builder_class is None:
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raise FeatureNotFound(
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"Couldn't find a tree builder with the features you "
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"requested: %s. Do you need to install a parser library?"
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% ",".join(features))
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builder = builder_class()
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self.builder = builder
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self.is_xml = builder.is_xml
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self.builder.soup = self
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self.parse_only = parse_only
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self.reset()
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if hasattr(markup, 'read'): # It's a file-type object.
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markup = markup.read()
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(self.markup, self.original_encoding, self.declared_html_encoding,
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self.contains_replacement_characters) = (
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self.builder.prepare_markup(markup, from_encoding))
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try:
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self._feed()
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except StopParsing:
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pass
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# Clear out the markup and remove the builder's circular
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# reference to this object.
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self.markup = None
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self.builder.soup = None
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def _feed(self):
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# Convert the document to Unicode.
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self.builder.reset()
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self.builder.feed(self.markup)
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# Close out any unfinished strings and close all the open tags.
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self.endData()
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while self.currentTag.name != self.ROOT_TAG_NAME:
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self.popTag()
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def reset(self):
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Tag.__init__(self, self, self.builder, self.ROOT_TAG_NAME)
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self.hidden = 1
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self.builder.reset()
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self.currentData = []
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self.currentTag = None
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self.tagStack = []
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self.pushTag(self)
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def new_tag(self, name, namespace=None, nsprefix=None, **attrs):
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"""Create a new tag associated with this soup."""
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return Tag(None, self.builder, name, namespace, nsprefix, attrs)
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def new_string(self, s, subclass=NavigableString):
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"""Create a new NavigableString associated with this soup."""
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navigable = subclass(s)
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navigable.setup()
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return navigable
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def insert_before(self, successor):
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raise NotImplementedError("BeautifulSoup objects don't support insert_before().")
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def insert_after(self, successor):
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raise NotImplementedError("BeautifulSoup objects don't support insert_after().")
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def popTag(self):
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tag = self.tagStack.pop()
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#print "Pop", tag.name
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if self.tagStack:
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self.currentTag = self.tagStack[-1]
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return self.currentTag
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def pushTag(self, tag):
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#print "Push", tag.name
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if self.currentTag:
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self.currentTag.contents.append(tag)
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self.tagStack.append(tag)
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self.currentTag = self.tagStack[-1]
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def endData(self, containerClass=NavigableString):
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if self.currentData:
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currentData = u''.join(self.currentData)
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if (currentData.translate(self.STRIP_ASCII_SPACES) == '' and
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not set([tag.name for tag in self.tagStack]).intersection(
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self.builder.preserve_whitespace_tags)):
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if '\n' in currentData:
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currentData = '\n'
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else:
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currentData = ' '
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self.currentData = []
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if self.parse_only and len(self.tagStack) <= 1 and \
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(not self.parse_only.text or \
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not self.parse_only.search(currentData)):
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return
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o = containerClass(currentData)
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self.object_was_parsed(o)
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def object_was_parsed(self, o, parent=None, most_recent_element=None):
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"""Add an object to the parse tree."""
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parent = parent or self.currentTag
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most_recent_element = most_recent_element or self._most_recent_element
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o.setup(parent, most_recent_element)
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if most_recent_element is not None:
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most_recent_element.next_element = o
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self._most_recent_element = o
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parent.contents.append(o)
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def _popToTag(self, name, nsprefix=None, inclusivePop=True):
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"""Pops the tag stack up to and including the most recent
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instance of the given tag. If inclusivePop is false, pops the tag
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stack up to but *not* including the most recent instqance of
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the given tag."""
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#print "Popping to %s" % name
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if name == self.ROOT_TAG_NAME:
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return
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numPops = 0
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mostRecentTag = None
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for i in range(len(self.tagStack) - 1, 0, -1):
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if (name == self.tagStack[i].name
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and nsprefix == self.tagStack[i].prefix):
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numPops = len(self.tagStack) - i
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break
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if not inclusivePop:
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numPops = numPops - 1
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for i in range(0, numPops):
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mostRecentTag = self.popTag()
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return mostRecentTag
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def handle_starttag(self, name, namespace, nsprefix, attrs):
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"""Push a start tag on to the stack.
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If this method returns None, the tag was rejected by the
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SoupStrainer. You should proceed as if the tag had not occured
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in the document. For instance, if this was a self-closing tag,
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don't call handle_endtag.
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"""
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# print "Start tag %s: %s" % (name, attrs)
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self.endData()
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if (self.parse_only and len(self.tagStack) <= 1
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and (self.parse_only.text
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or not self.parse_only.search_tag(name, attrs))):
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return None
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tag = Tag(self, self.builder, name, namespace, nsprefix, attrs,
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self.currentTag, self._most_recent_element)
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if tag is None:
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return tag
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if self._most_recent_element:
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self._most_recent_element.next_element = tag
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self._most_recent_element = tag
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self.pushTag(tag)
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return tag
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def handle_endtag(self, name, nsprefix=None):
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#print "End tag: " + name
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self.endData()
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self._popToTag(name, nsprefix)
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def handle_data(self, data):
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self.currentData.append(data)
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def decode(self, pretty_print=False,
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eventual_encoding=DEFAULT_OUTPUT_ENCODING,
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formatter="minimal"):
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"""Returns a string or Unicode representation of this document.
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To get Unicode, pass None for encoding."""
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if self.is_xml:
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# Print the XML declaration
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encoding_part = ''
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if eventual_encoding != None:
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encoding_part = ' encoding="%s"' % eventual_encoding
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prefix = u'<?xml version="1.0"%s?>\n' % encoding_part
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else:
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prefix = u''
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if not pretty_print:
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indent_level = None
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else:
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indent_level = 0
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return prefix + super(BeautifulSoup, self).decode(
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indent_level, eventual_encoding, formatter)
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# Alias to make it easier to type import: 'from bs4 import _soup'
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_s = BeautifulSoup
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_soup = BeautifulSoup
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class BeautifulStoneSoup(BeautifulSoup):
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"""Deprecated interface to an XML parser."""
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def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
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kwargs['features'] = 'xml'
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warnings.warn(
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'The BeautifulStoneSoup class is deprecated. Instead of using '
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'it, pass features="xml" into the BeautifulSoup constructor.')
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super(BeautifulStoneSoup, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
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class StopParsing(Exception):
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pass
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class FeatureNotFound(ValueError):
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pass
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#By default, act as an HTML pretty-printer.
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if __name__ == '__main__':
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import sys
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soup = BeautifulSoup(sys.stdin)
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print soup.prettify()
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